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Land & measurement

What is Ropani?

रोपनी

A ropani is a traditional unit of land area used in the hills of Nepal, including the Kathmandu Valley. One ropani equals 5,476 square feet (about 508.74 m²), and is divided into 16 aana.

Ropani is the standard land-measurement unit in Nepal's hill and mountain regions. 1 ropani = 16 aana = 64 paisa = 256 daam, and equals 5,476 sq ft, 508.74 m² or roughly 0.0509 hectare.

In the Terai (plains), land is instead measured in bigha, kattha and dhur. Property documents, malpot (land revenue) records and real-estate listings in the hills are all quoted in ropani-aana-paisa-daam.

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In depth

How big is a ropani?

A ropani is the standard unit of land area in the hills and mountains of Nepal, including the Kathmandu Valley. One ropani equals 5,476 square feet, which is 508.74 square metres, 0.0509 hectare or about 0.0126 acre.

The ropani is subdivided in a base-four pattern: 1 ropani = 16 aana = 64 paisa = 256 daam. So one aana is 342.25 sq ft, one paisa is 85.56 sq ft and one daam is 21.39 sq ft. A plot in the hills is therefore typically quoted in the form '1 ropani 4 aana 2 paisa'.

Where and how the ropani is used

Ropani-aana-paisa-daam is the cadastral system of Nepal's hill districts. Almost all residential and agricultural land in these areas is bought, sold and registered in ropani, and the land-revenue (malpot) records and the lalpurja (ownership certificate) state area in these units.

The Terai plains, by contrast, use the bigha-kattha-dhur system inherited from the Indo-Gangetic plain. Roughly 13.31 ropani make one bigha, and one ropani is about 1.5 kattha; surveyors convert between the two systems for national land statistics.

At a glance

Key facts

1 ropani5,476 sq ft
In metric508.74 m² (0.0509 ha)
Subdivisions16 aana = 64 paisa = 256 daam
Vs bigha1 bigha ≈ 13.31 ropani

More land & measurement terms

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Sources & data note

Definitions explain standard Nepali terms in everyday and official use. Land-unit conversions follow the standard Nepali measurement system; tax and contribution rates reflect current law (Income Tax Act 2058, VAT Act 2052, Social Security Act 2074) and are revised each fiscal year by the Finance Act — always confirm current-year figures with the relevant authority.